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Urea fertilizer, are you really using it correctly? BY:Cherry
time2025/05/28
- Urea, known as the "king of nitrogen fertilizers", is one of the most widely used fertilizers in agricultural production.
Urea fertilizer, are you really using it correctly?
Urea, known as the "king of nitrogen fertilizers", is one of the most widely used fertilizers in agricultural production. It is affordable and easy to use, but many people only know that it can "make crops grow well" but cannot explain the principle behind it. Today I will unveil the mystery of urea fertilizer for you, help you apply fertilizer scientifically, and avoid common misunderstandings.
1. What is urea fertilizer? Why is it so important?尿素使用注意事项
If plants are compared to "people who eat", nitrogen is the "staple food" they need most. After plants absorb nitrogen through their roots, they will convert it into key substances such as protein and chlorophyll, which directly affect leaf growth, photosynthesis and fruit development.
Why choose urea? Urea stands out for its high nitrogen content. The nitrogen content of 1 kg of urea is equivalent to 2.2 kg of ammonium bicarbonate (a common ordinary nitrogen fertilizer), which makes it extremely efficient in providing essential nutrients. In addition, urea is very cost-effective. Compared with compound fertilizers, its single nutrient cost is lower, providing farmers with an economical and affordable option. More importantly, urea is very flexible to use. It can be applied as a base fertilizer before sowing, as a topdressing to supplement nutrients during crop growth, and even through foliar spraying to quickly meet the needs of crops.
2. Four core functions of urea fertilizer
1. Promote leaf growth and make plants "luxuriant": Nitrogen is the main component of chlorophyll. After using urea, plant leaves will become significantly larger and thicker, and the color will change from yellow-green to dark green. For example: Applying urea during the tillering period of rice can increase the number of effective tillers; using it during the growth period of new shoots of fruit trees can accelerate the extension of branches.
2.Increase yield and make the fruit "full grain": Nitrogen participates in protein synthesis in plants. For example: If urea is applied reasonably during the filling period of wheat, the thousand-grain weight can be increased by 3-5 grams; using it before corn tasseling can reduce bald tips and increase the number of grains per ear.
3. Improve crop quality and make agricultural products more attractive: leafy vegetables (such as spinach and lettuce) have greener leaves; fruit (such as apples and grapes) have brighter skin colors; and grain crops (such as rice and wheat) have higher protein content.
4. Enhance stress resistance and help plants "resist disasters": Adequate nitrogen supply can improve plants' resistance to pests, lodging, and drought. For example, applying appropriate amounts of urea to rice can reduce the occurrence of sheath blight; when fruit trees encounter low temperatures during flowering, spraying urea on the leaves can alleviate frost damage.
3. Urea's "hidden skills": special uses you may not know
1. Foliar spraying: Quick rescue of "yellow leaf disease"
Dissolve urea at a certain concentration and spray it on the leaves. It will take effect within 3 days. Applicable to: when the root system of crops is damaged and cannot absorb nutrients; critical period when nitrogen supplementation is urgently needed (such as rice heading period).
2. Pairing with organic fertilizer: saving money and increasing efficiency
Urea and decomposed manure are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, which can not only reduce nitrogen loss, but also promote soil microbial activity. Experiments show that this method can increase fertilizer utilization from 30% to 45%.
3. Making slow-release fertilizer: preventing "burning seedlings"
Mix urea with wheat bran and sawdust for 7 days to make slow-release fertilizer. It is especially suitable for sandy soil to avoid excessive loss of nutrients.
4. Urea "taboos": Don't make these mistakes!
1. Direct application without covering soil: waste more than 50%
Urea needs to be converted into ammonium nitrogen in the soil before it can be absorbed. Direct application will cause volatilization loss.
2. Mixed with alkaline fertilizers: produce toxic gas
Urea will generate ammonia volatilization when it meets alkaline substances such as lime and wood ash. It needs to be used every 5-7 days.
3. Blindly pursue high dosage: burn roots and pollute
The harm of excessive use of urea: soil compaction (long-term single use), leggy crops, easy lodging, and excessive nitrate in groundwater.
5. FAQ
Q1: Which is better, urea or compound fertilizer?
Urea: suitable for rapid nitrogen supplementation in plots with obvious nitrogen deficiency;
Compound fertilizer: suitable for balanced supplementation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It is recommended to use both.
Q2: Can urea be spread on rainy days?
It can be applied during light rain (less than 5 mm), but should be avoided during heavy rain, otherwise the nutrients will be lost with the water.
Q3: Will urea expire?
The shelf life of unopened urea is about 2 years, but it needs to be broken up before use after lumping, which does not affect the fertilizer effect.
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